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POLL: Personality Tests should be used to evaluate candidates in the hiring process (Pick YES or NO)

Should personality tests be part of a prospective employee's hiring process? Should companies use this as a metric by which to evaluate candidates? Or is this too subjective, too monolithic?

So Yes or No? Do you Agree or Disagree with this statement?

Thanks!

Attachments

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David Baker
Principal, ReCourses, Inc.

For those of you who are skeptical about their use, let me just cite one example in my research (which includes 13,000+ applications and then using algorithms to find correlations).

I gave the same profile tool to 1,340 entrepreneurs--in other words, they were active owners of small businesses in which role they were forced to take risk and be somewhat dominant in decision making.

WITHOUT A SINGLE EXCEPTION, they all scored in the upper half of the "dominant/risk-taking" scale. Again, without a single exception. In science, you don't need a sample size that large, but even using one that large there was not a single exception.

So what do I do with that information? I use it to evaluate the suitability of making an owner out of a key internal employee of the firm. If they don't score in the upper half (of this particular tool, which is geared towards business), I tell my client not to waste their money by hiring me to make it happen.

Yes, personality profiles can are often are abused. But there are uses for them.

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Timothy Loftus
Skilled Leader & Managing IT Infrastructure Architect, Free Knowledge Network, LLC

Yes. Personalities are critical components for many jobs. The challenge before us is to learn as much as we can about a person's personality during the interview process. This challenge cannot be over-stated.

For anyone who does not agree personality is important; How would you like a person on your team that did everything themselves and did not work well with others? How would you handle a PM that has difficulty getting engineers to complete tasks? These are just two items dictated by personality.

Charisma, honesty, integrity, work ethic, etc. are all important.

References will be helpful. References not provided by job candidates would be better (i.e.; request contact information for the two previous managers at the last two companies worked). You will need to call more than one reference. The more references you contact, the more reliable your assessment will be.

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Peggy Brennan
Owner, PBW Consulting

Disagree - too subjective...

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David Baker
Principal, ReCourses, Inc.

I absolutely believe that they should be used, as long as you are utilizing the correct tool. The only one that the DOL (Department of Labor) recognizes as a credible screening tool is PI (Predictive Index), but the presentation of the results is so not user friendly that I don't use them at all. I use DiSC PPSS, which is the expanded version (28 instead of 24 questions), and it's all about normal reactions in a workplace setting--which often differs from a personal setting.

I've administered 13,000 of them, following them up with a 25-question qualitative survey and a 20-30 minute interview. They have been very reliable predictors in SOME positions. In most positions, there is no pattern and so it shouldn't be used that way.

But even if you aren't looking for a specific pattern in the profile, to match a specific position, there's still tremendous value in the exercise, particularly in two areas: how they will manage people and how they want to be managed.

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Rob Landry
Rob Landry Replied on Sept. 22, 2011

Totally agree w/David on this. We've done DiSC assessments and they were dead on in evaluating our team members' personalities. Been very useful in understanding how to create the right work environment for your people.

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Dave Popple
Dave Popple Replied on Sept. 23, 2011

I thought that this question was settled years ago. The majority of Fortune 500 companies use them. The ROI studies are overwhelmingly supportive. The legal questions surrounding them have been answered.

However, there is one concern, tests like the DiSC are not for pre hire. Using that test in the hiring process does make you vulnerable to a law suit. Stick with 5 Factor Personality tests that follow accepted personality theory.

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Barry Schaeffer
Principal Consultant, Content Life Cycle Consulting

It has been a while since I got my degree in psychology, but I doubt that much has changed since then. Personality tests have always been designed, usually by academic researchers on grant money, to identify problems that don't quite reach a level of seriousness to allow clinical diagnosis. While their use has been broadened (I think wrongheadedly) since their heyday in the 60s, the fact remains that they do not and cannot tell you much about normal people (I was in a standarization group for the MMPI, taking the test multiple times, each time attempting to fool the test.) Moreover, no test has proven itself capable of accurately predicting behavior, especially in ambiguous business and employee situations.

I have also seen a number of instances where use of a test has subtly replaced rigorous interviews and human assessments, with predictable and sad results.

I wouldn't use them.

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Dave Popple
Dave Popple Replied on Sept. 23, 2011

I could not disagree with you more.
1. I have an academic degree but am not in academia and developed our assessments in the field.
2. The MMPI is not a suitable test for selection, it was normed on a clinical population. There are a multitude of tests that rate "normal" personality characteristics
3. Interviews are subjective no matter how talented you are at using them. It is the nature of how we are wired as human beings. The key is to get data from multiple sources (Interview. assessment, history, references) and see where the data matches.
4. It takes a massive amount of time to perform the type of interview you suggest. If an assessment can minimize that amount of time without decreasing accuracy, the ROI is significant. We tell our clients to use the data to rank people, interview the top three first, if you have a winner, stop, if not, interview the next three.
5. An important aspect of being an effective practitioner is to continuously be learning. Your statement that no test has proven itself to predict behavior is very misleading. People in general do not always act in predictable ways but you can predict how people will act most of the time. Psychological assessments like everything in psychology should be seen as increasing the likelihood of being write. In social science, we tend to accept an Alpha of .05. The means that we will be wrong about 1 out of 20 times at worst.

I encourage you to spend some time updating your understanding of how assessments are commonly used in the workplace today. To say that assessments were in their heyday in the 60s when the Aberdeen study indicates more than 60% of Fortune 500 companies use them today seems like a peculiar statement. To talk about the MMPI in business terms seems even more strange.

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Barry Schaeffer
Barry Schaeffer Replied on Sept. 23, 2011

Dave's points are well taken but I believe miss the point somewhat. Let me clarify my post.

1. I also spent no time in academia and have built my impressions in the field, both corporate and as an entrepeneur. This doens't make my sentiments correct, but has provided me with some experience in what works and does not. It is on that basis my post was founded.
2. I agree that the MMPI is not suitable for testing "normal" people having been standardized on previously diagnosed personality defects. I mention it because there was, in the 60s, a belief that it could indeed be used for normal personality evaluation. It was in effort that I found myself in a re-standardization group. Although the results of this effort did not rise to the level of usability, MMPI was if fact used in employment evaluations: I was asked to take it in that regard as late as the 80s. The upshot of this, it seems to me, is that people and groups outside the experimental world often misterpret the value of instruments, including the MMPI and others developed later, and inadvertently misuse them.
3. Interviews are indeed subjective... as are the procedures and assumptions the underlie supposedly objective testing instruments. So the question is really one of whose subjectivity one will choose in selecting new hires. I would opt for my own, but I recognize that others might choose the testing route. As I indicated in my post, I am agraid that the danger of too heavy a reliance on the test is real.
4. This statement in Dave's post would be more powerful if we could assume that the "ifs" were reliable. My position is that using testing to weed all but the top three (or four, etc.) is a dangerous reliance on personality instruments that are at best broadly indicative of trends in large populations. I once got a positive six weeks after having been denied it in favor of another candidate I was told tested better on several personality inventories. He lasted one month before taking off with some of the firm's equipment. While I know this is anecdotal, the danger it highlights is, in my view, real.
I believe as well that the amount of time required to conduct interviews can be significantly minimized by taking more time to fully describe the position, thereby weeding out potential applicants who do not substantially meet the requirements. In addition, while some positions, especially those technical in nature may elicit a large number of candidates whose suitability cannot be determined by reviewing their resumes, other more subtle positions, management for example, are less likely to present the hiring organization with a blizzard of resumes that make use of mass instruments like tests necessary. At this point, let me differentiate between personality inventories about which we are talking, and achievement tests that measure capabilities such as writing, IT prolem solving, etc., which measure more discrete variables and can often be quite useful.
5. My fear, having participated in controlled attempts to fool personality inventories, is that people often do behave in predictalbe ways: giving the questioner what he or she wants to hear, especially when the respondent knows that answers may determine hiring preference. While all personality inventories are made up of question pairs designed to identify calculated answers by asking the same thing in difference forms, this doesn't always work, especially where the testing population is not naive about what is going on.
As for significance of results, I'm not sure I understand the reference to .05 as meaning that the result will be incorrect only 5% of the time. Back when I was in school, the experimental significance of the 5% goal was to see an expected result 5% more often than chance. If I still remember that correctly after this many years, a test that met the 5% standardization threshold wouldn't be much use in actual hiring evaluations.

Let me again suggest that Dave's points are well taken and I appreciate his candor. Perhaps his statement that 60% of the Fiortune 500 use personality inventories actually supports my position that these instruments are to be viewed warily. There are, in the U. S. alone, several million businesses that hire new employees. Given this, the Fortune 500, a population selected by factors other than the degree to which peronality inventories are appropriate and safe, doesn't tell us much about the real world of business. As for the 60s being the heyday of personality inventories, let me clarify. It was during this period that significant interest existed in the business use of these instruments. That most of them, the MMPI, Kuder Preference Scale and others, didn't fully meet experimental rigor for normal populations didn't (and doesn't) mean that they wouldn't be used or be the conceptual basis for development of subsequent tests.

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Olayiwola A. Alara
Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, AAGC | AllenalarA Group of Companies.
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Your attributes personally affects your performance professionally. Who you are on the inside will eventually affect everything around you on the outside. When you peel a banana, it is not what is on the outside that makes it a tastier fruit but what you experience on the inside once the peel is off. My answer? Yes.

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Mitesh Hood
Social Media Marketing Strategist, Copper Bridge Media
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I compltely disagree with the thought that Personality test should be used to evaluate the candidates during the hiring process.Personality of person mostly depends on the environment in which he is living.Moreover neglecting the the person on the basis of personality might be dangerous as it would crush the talent and briliancy of the person.Every person should be given a chance prior to analyse him completely.Mere "show-off" and making curvy designs and remaining a cavity from inside is of no use and is rather injustice for the simple living people.

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Dave Popple
Dave Popple Replied on Sept. 24, 2011

Can you please share your reference to "Personality of a person depends on the environment in which he is living" ? I have a PhD in psychology and thought that it had been established a long time ago that the heredity effect was about 50%. However there may be something new. If so I would love to read it.

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Dave Popple
Dave Popple Replied on Sept. 24, 2011

BTW- Philosophically, I hope that our identity is more stable than that. Can you imagine what it would be like if that statement was true, you would never know who anyone really was. One day introverted, the next day dancing on the tables, one day open to new ideas, the next day tacking up a sign over their door that says "If it ain't broke, don't fix it". On the other hand it would be fun to meet new people every day, unless of course tomorrow I change and no longer like to meet new people, then I would be profoundly sad as I missed my old friends.

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Mitesh Hood
Mitesh Hood Replied on Sept. 25, 2011

Respected Sir,
I really respect your profession and your success in the field of psycology.No doubt that you are a very senior me and have seen more seasons in your life.Hoe ever, my thought has nothingh to do do with the "50% hereditary effects" principle or any practical demonstration.I am just sharing the fact which we see in the world,which is outside of the classroom and beyond he patients visiting the psychologist.Allow me to ask you a question.How many of your patients come from slums or below povertyu line status?No doubt that during your PhD experiments you might have exprimented with many volunteers which might be of mine predicted category.But just want to ask HOW MANY?10,100,1000 +........
We cannot deny that every person has his different nature depending on the inheretence pattern.But what about the othe 50%?No one mentions it!
Moreover, now a days,one new pronciple has come into existence.I might rather say that a "SHAPING" principle:"If we dont have the inhereted appreciable curvatures,we make them".I short,Personality Development Classes.
As you are the psychologist,how will you define these calsses?Are the CEO,entreperneurs and MD's are so careless that they fell pray to those "cavity inside,curvature outside students?The answer is "NO"!!!Even though this is one of the common sense,why are the students neglecting this phenomena and running towards the birds in the bushes?
The only reason that is responsible for this scenario is PERSONALITY TEST.On the other hand,what about the people of below poverty line?If they dont come in the 50% hereditary principle and cant shape their personality through classes (said by the classes themselves..Prfefer not to take the names!!) should this be considered that these people dont have the right to employment?
In INDIA,and in many other developing countries,these casses can be seen in most of the houses,on most of the lanes,and almost in every nook &corner of the country!!If you really get time from your busy schedule,please have a low-tech study regarding the Indians.It does not mean that you have to come to India for the research...Just reffer the news papers of India.You will understand what I am trying to explain..The priciple of Personality Test has devastated many lives in the developing countries like India.

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Mitesh Hood
Mitesh Hood Replied on Sept. 25, 2011

Besides this,there are many malpractices carried out such as bribe,torture,rivalry and etc.in the name of personality development.Now tell me,will you ask a person for a bribe to get employed inpersonality test?Yes,it is happening.People are loosing their jobs or in some cases their lives on this 15 lettered containing sentence:PERSONALITY TEST.
And yes,my meaning of environment was the types of people in which the person lives.

I know that I am a junior regarding your qualification and your knowledge that you posses.But I just say what I see & hear around my surrounding.Pardon me for making mistakes and sorry to waste your time!!
Regards,
Mitesh Hood

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Don Beam
CEO,CFO,VP,Director, Hall Telecommunications Supply
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Our personal experience is that there has been as many meaningful and correct reports as there has been total out to lunch ones ..

If anyone has found ones that are better than 80% (as all the marketing hype indicates) in reality .. we certainly would like to hear about it..

Don Beam
www.halltel.com

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Dave Popple
Dave Popple Replied on Sept. 26, 2011

Thanks Don- I suggest the following. We will work with you to identify metrics on retention and performance and the associated dollar amounts. We then apply our selection process, which combines assessment and behavior based interviewing informed by the assessments results. After 12-18 months, we calculate the savings if any and we receive 40%. We then agree to a 3 year contract at that rate. In other words, I am putting my money where my mouth is. We only get paid if it works and we are not charging you set up fee. I look forward to your response.

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David Filwood
Principal Consultant, TeleSoft Systems
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From the perspective of hiring Call Center Agents – the answer is YES.

In a Study on “The Comparative Validities of a Variety of Predictors of Hourly Wage Jobs in Reducing Turnover in New Hires” the following Results were uncovered:

Interview -- 14% Predictive Ability
Reference Checking -- 26% Predictive Ability
Job Preview -- 44% Predictive Ability
Skills Testing -- 53% Predictive Ability
Personality/Job-Fit Assessment -- 80% Predictive Ability

Interviews are a subjective and potentially biased process. This Study demonstrated that regardless of an Interviewer’s Skill – or a Candidate’s ability to present well – an Offer of Employment based on a strong interview alone only had a 14% chance of predicting the long-term effectiveness of a Job Candidate for a Call Center Agent position.

Adding Reference Checking to the Interview Process only increased the likelihood of predicting long-term effectiveness in a Job Candidate for a Call Center Agent position to 26%. And we all know that it’s getting harder to perform meaningful & insightful Reference Checks.

Job Previews - via software-based call simulators - or through having the Candidate just spend some time on the Production Floor shadowing Agents/Supervisors - only increases the likelihood of predicting long-term effectiveness in a Job Candidate for a Call Center Agent position to 44%.

Skills Tests such as Typing Tests, Audio Transcription Tests, Windows Literacy Tests, etc. only increase the likelihood of predicting long-term effectiveness in a Job Candidate for a Call Center Agent position to 53%. That’s just a bit better than flipping a coin!

With an 80% Predictive Ability, Personality/Job-Fit Assessments are best at forecasting future success of a Job Candidate for a Call Center Agent Position. Personality/Job-Fit Assessments weed out Job Candidates who will burn out fast – or quit - because they aren't suited for the work - and identifies the people with the Personality/Job-Fit, Soft Skills, Motivation, and Work Ethic to be top Call Center Agents.

Personality/Job-Fit Assessments allow you to select new Call Center Agents who will fit your employment needs better - and stay on the job longer - leading to an Agent Workgroup that has more experience and is more productive.

Top performing Contact Centers drive their Revenue & Performance through superior hiring tactics. We help employers gain better insight & more accurate predictions as to which applicants from a pool of Candidates would perform up to, or beyond their established standards. You can find out about a Free Trial of SPAS Call Center Agent Pre-Employment Screening Software at http://www.telesoftsystems.ca/64201.html

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Mel  Kleiman
President, Humetrics
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The answer is YES. Just remember a test is another interview of the applicant. But it is the only way I have figured out how to ask a 100 or more validated question using all of the applicants and none of the interviewers time.

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Sandra Baptist
Founder and President, "Practice to Business Maven" Business Coach. "More Profit in Less Time!"
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YES! It's a great tool for both the employer and the prospective candidate.

It helps the employer lower their costs of hiring (since if they hire the wrong 'fit' for their company, it would mean going through the hiring process again!).

It also helps the candidate to know more about themselves. Even if they don't secure the job they learn where their strengths and weaknesses are and so can apply themselves to search for a job where they have strong aptitude.

@SandraBaptist

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JAMES PAPIANO
Human Resources
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I like assessments for an additional reason: building diverse teams. While the primary focus is usually to find the best match for the role, there is value in using these instruments to strengthen a team by balancing and diversifying types and styles.

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pradeep Raj
Marketing Executive , Tescra Inc
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Yes personality test really works out and should be done to evaluate a person, but the way they are done in the corporate world should be changed..personality test should always be done when the employee in on the job and when he/she is facing real situations and problems to solve..but not as a procedure or a part of interview process..

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Mitesh Hood
Mitesh Hood Replied on Sept. 27, 2011

Exactly!!!I completely agree with Mr.Pradeep Raj.Because the actual talent and nature of the person can bee seen only after he is on the field.A swimmer cannot be judged by his mere hand movements.The same principle is applicable for the employee.Let the students first work on a trial project work and then be analysed vy their personality!!!

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Chiara Mancardi
Associate, B-management
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YES - recently experienced one as candidate (!) BUT under 2 CONDITIONS:

1- results are given to the candidate after the process : it is interesting and always learning material for candidates
2- it should only be used at the end of the recruitment process, and not as a discriminating element for coming up with a short list of potential candidates retained.

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Dave Popple
Principle/ Co-Owner, Corporate Insights
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I think ideally your two conditions make sense, however, in our current business environment neither is always possible. Condition 1 is fair after a person has put the energy into the process they should receive some insights on how they are being presented by the assessment. The problem is that many legal departments will not allow the assessors to share the results with people who were not selected. This is to avoid litigious people who may not agree with the assessments. It is extremely rare to win a law suit based on poor assessment practices but the expense of defending them merits the caution of the legal department. We provide feedback and a development plan for every person that is hired and will give a complimentary feedback to people who are not hired if it is OKed by the client.

Number 2 is also best practice but many positions have a lot of applications. Once you screen the resumes, a company is faced with spending hundreds of hours and thousands of dollars discriminating between candidates. Therefore they are faced with choosing candidates based solely on experience (resume) or adding an additional data point. In this case, taking the assessments may be an easy way to get that additional data point and therefore give someone an opportunity that would have been passed over if judged solely by the resume.

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Chiara Mancardi
Chiara Mancardi Replied on Sept. 28, 2011

I understand legal concern on 1 - but as a candidate I did put the effort and have no lesson learnt from the process

N. 2 agree for ASSESSMENTS, but not for PERSONALITY TESTS!

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Dave Popple
Dave Popple Replied on Sept. 28, 2011

Say more about why you would disagree on the personality tests?

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Chiara Mancardi
Chiara Mancardi Replied on Sept. 28, 2011

Because a personality test is not an exact science, and should not be eliminatory of candidates before even a first screening. If the CV is not appropriate already, why have the person spend time on a personality test regardless?
Assessments is different, those make sense to evaluate how a person COULD POTENTIALLY behave in certain circumstances, however even those, normally it is said that an assessment WILL CONFIRM DOUBTS that recruitersmay have, but hardly ever will prove wrong on those doubts, and will not reveal anything new, though it may help factualise it.

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Dave Popple
Principle/ Co-Owner, Corporate Insights
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What does the alpha level need to be to be considered an exact science? Lets take a real life example. We have a client who uses us for call center assessments. Through the process of profiling the job, we learned that empathy was crucial because the CSRs were talking to mostly elderly people who were confused about their medical condition. We tested the best CSRs and found that 95% scored between 60-90 on our empathy scale. Imagine that someone applies for the job and scores 15%. Based on statistics, their true score is somewhere between 1 and 30 (alpha =.05). This applicant has worked in call centers their whole adult life. Their most recent experience was with a big box electronic store that was recently closed. The experience looks good but would you bring this person in for an interview if you have a stack of 100 applications for 5 positions? Your thoughts?

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Chiara Mancardi
Chiara Mancardi Replied on Sept. 28, 2011

OK, fair point, when you're talking about mass recruitments of specific profiles where by indeed specific personality traits will make the person succeed or not.

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Art van Bodegraven
President, Van Bodegraven Associates
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No question, the answer is "yes.". But, there is a qualifier - the person administering the instrument must understand the research-based psychology behind it.

Further, there are multiple levels of application of findings. One, at an elementary level, is suitability for the construct of execution in a given job role (process). Next, and perhaps more important, is match or fit with the culture of the hiring organization. The core questions is not so much to find people to fit one mold, but to understand how other styles and preferences can enrich overall group performance.

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